{"id":848,"date":"2022-09-05T16:11:50","date_gmt":"2022-09-05T14:11:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.svetovydenchlebaapeciva.cz\/?page_id=848"},"modified":"2022-09-05T16:33:44","modified_gmt":"2022-09-05T14:33:44","slug":"zajimavosti-o-chlebu","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.svetovydenchlebaapeciva.cz\/index.php\/zajimavosti-o-chlebu\/","title":{"rendered":"Zaj\u00edmavosti o chlebu"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"848\" class=\"elementor elementor-848\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4bc43362 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-content-top elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4bc43362\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-263a03e4\" data-id=\"263a03e4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-58977440 elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"58977440\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.7.8 - 02-10-2022 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1703\" height=\"2560\" src=\"https:\/\/www.svetovydenchlebaapeciva.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/CHP0021-scaled.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.svetovydenchlebaapeciva.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/CHP0021-scaled.jpg 1703w, https:\/\/www.svetovydenchlebaapeciva.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/CHP0021-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.svetovydenchlebaapeciva.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/CHP0021-681x1024.jpg 681w, https:\/\/www.svetovydenchlebaapeciva.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/CHP0021-768x1154.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.svetovydenchlebaapeciva.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/CHP0021-1022x1536.jpg 1022w, https:\/\/www.svetovydenchlebaapeciva.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/CHP0021-1363x2048.jpg 1363w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1703px) 100vw, 1703px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-217e9f1e\" data-id=\"217e9f1e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-250619b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"250619b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.7.8 - 02-10-2022 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zaj\u00edmavosti o chlebu<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f2f001a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2f2f001a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.7.8 - 02-10-2022 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#818a91;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#818a91;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><b>Jak vzniklo slovo chl\u00e9b?<\/b><\/p><p>Slovo chl\u00e9b vzniklo pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b z pragerm\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho \u201ehlaiba\u201c. Slovan\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed znali doposud jen obilnou ka\u0161i, jej p\u0159evzali od Germ\u00e1n\u016f spolu s p\u0159\u00edpravou kynut\u00e9ho a pe\u010den\u00e9ho chleba.<\/p><p><b>Jak se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed chl\u00e9b?<\/b><\/p><p>Z \u017eitn\u00e9 mouky je izolov\u00e1n chlebov\u00fd kvas, kter\u00fd je neust\u00e1le pomno\u017eov\u00e1n, tj. doch\u00e1z\u00ed k vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed specifick\u00e9 mikrofl\u00f3ry v symbi\u00f3ze \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch laktobakteri\u00ed a kvasinek. Produkty jejich metabolismu, kyselina ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e1 a octov\u00e1, oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd aj., jsou pak p\u016fvodci specifick\u00e9ho aromatu st\u0159\u00eddy a textury k\u016frky chleba. Z vyzr\u00e1l\u00e9ho kvasu se po p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed mouky, vody a soli vym\u00eds\u00ed t\u011bsto, kter\u00e9 se po nakynut\u00ed d\u011bl\u00ed, tvaruje a pe\u010de p\u0159i teplot\u011b 270 \u00b0C.<\/p><p><b>Pro\u010d chl\u00e9b von\u00ed?<\/b><\/p><p>Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed vliv m\u00e1 vysok\u00e1 teplota. V peka\u0159sk\u00e9 peci se chl\u00e9b zap\u00e9k\u00e1 p\u0159i teplot\u011b okolo 270 \u00b0C, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e t\u011bsto se zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1 na 100 a\u017e 180 \u00b0C. P\u0159i t\u011bchto teplot\u00e1ch prob\u00edhaj\u00ed nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed reakce, kter\u00e9 se odehr\u00e1vaj\u00ed hlavn\u011b v chlebov\u00e9 k\u016frce. Spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 v\u016fn\u011b je typicky chlebov\u00e1, lahodn\u00e1, aromatick\u00e1 po pou\u017eit\u00fdch surovin\u00e1ch.<\/p><p><b>Chl\u00e9b ve sv\u011bt\u011b<\/b><\/p><p>Jin\u00e1 zem\u011b, jin\u00fd mrav\u2026 a tak\u00e9 jin\u00fd chl\u00e9b. Pro st\u0159edn\u00ed a v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evropu byl po stalet\u00ed nejtypi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed tmav\u00fd chl\u00e9b \u017eitn\u00fd, ve Francii, It\u00e1lii a St\u0159edomo\u0159\u00ed byl obl\u00edben\u00fd chl\u00e9b pouze z p\u0161enice. \u0160v\u00fdca\u0159i m\u00edvali r\u00e1di \u0161paldov\u00fd chl\u00e9b (z primitivn\u00ed odr\u016fdy p\u0161enice), Norov\u00e9 si pekli chl\u00e9b z je\u010dmene, Skotov\u00e9 do n\u011bho d\u00e1vali oves a v Severn\u00ed Americe se zase po stalet\u00ed pekl chl\u00e9b kuku\u0159i\u010dn\u00fd. Nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed druhy chleba v zahrani\u010d\u00ed:<\/p><p>Bagel \u2013 kulat\u00e9 kynut\u00e9 pe\u010divo ze \u017eitn\u00e9 mouky s otvorem uprost\u0159ed, pod\u00e1van\u00e9 bu\u010f jako p\u0159\u00edloha (cibulov\u00fd, s\u00fdrov\u00fd i sladk\u00fd sko\u0159icov\u00fd), nebo samostatn\u011b s\u00a0oblohou.<\/p><p>Ciabatta \u2013 italsk\u00fd chl\u00e9b s k\u0159upavou k\u016frkou, zad\u011blan\u00fd olivov\u00fdm olejem. T\u011bsto je tu\u017e\u0161\u00ed, \u010dasto s p\u0159\u00eddavkem bylin.<\/p><p>Maces \u2013 \u017eidovsk\u00e1 chlebov\u00e1 specialita z nekva\u0161en\u00e9ho t\u011bsta, podobn\u00e1 krekru.<\/p><p>N\u00e1n \u2013 indick\u00fd kva\u0161en\u00fd chl\u00e9b z b\u00edl\u00e9 mouky ve tvaru velk\u00e9 kapky (slzy).<\/p><p>Pumprnikl \u2013 tmav\u00fd \u017eitn\u00fd, t\u011b\u017ek\u00fd chl\u00e9b s v\u00fdrazn\u011b nakyslou chut\u00ed, p\u016fvodem z N\u011bmecka, va\u0159\u00ed se v\u00a0p\u00e1\u0159e.<\/p><p>Pita \u2013 arabsk\u00e1 b\u00edl\u00e1 i celozrnn\u00e1 chlebov\u00e1 placka, \u010dasto pln\u011bn\u00e1 masem \u010di zeleninou.<\/p><p>Tortilla \u2013 mexick\u00e9 nekynut\u00e9 pe\u010divo z kuku\u0159i\u010dn\u00e9 mouky, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159ipravuje na rozp\u00e1len\u00e9 plotn\u011b.<\/p><p><b>Praha, m\u011bsto chlebu zasl\u00edben\u00e9<\/b><\/p><p>S ohledem na \u0159emeslnou tradici a vysokou \u00farove\u0148 \u010desk\u00fdch odborn\u00edk\u016f byla Praha v roce 1927 vybr\u00e1na jako m\u00edsto kon\u00e1n\u00ed prvn\u00edho sv\u011btov\u00e9ho kongresu o chlebu.<\/p><p>V roce 1982 se v srdci Evropy konalo celosv\u011btov\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed cere\u00e1ln\u00edch odborn\u00edk\u016f na 7. sv\u011btov\u00e9m<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 <\/span>kongresu o chlebu a obil\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6ec078e7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6ec078e7\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-554ff5d7\" data-id=\"554ff5d7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e59faa8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7e59faa8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.svetovydenchlebaapeciva.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/logo-UIB-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-61754283 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"61754283\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2c98496f\" data-id=\"2c98496f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1353e101 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1353e101\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.svetovydenchlebaapeciva.cz\/\">zp\u011bt na za\u010d\u00e1tek<\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zaj\u00edmavosti o chlebu Jak vzniklo slovo chl\u00e9b? Slovo chl\u00e9b vzniklo pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b z pragerm\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho \u201ehlaiba\u201c. Slovan\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed znali doposud jen obilnou ka\u0161i, jej p\u0159evzali od Germ\u00e1n\u016f spolu s p\u0159\u00edpravou kynut\u00e9ho a pe\u010den\u00e9ho chleba. Jak se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed chl\u00e9b? Z \u017eitn\u00e9 mouky je izolov\u00e1n chlebov\u00fd kvas, kter\u00fd je neust\u00e1le pomno\u017eov\u00e1n, tj. doch\u00e1z\u00ed k vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed specifick\u00e9 mikrofl\u00f3ry v symbi\u00f3ze [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-848","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.svetovydenchlebaapeciva.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/848","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.svetovydenchlebaapeciva.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.svetovydenchlebaapeciva.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.svetovydenchlebaapeciva.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.svetovydenchlebaapeciva.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=848"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.svetovydenchlebaapeciva.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/848\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":899,"href":"https:\/\/www.svetovydenchlebaapeciva.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/848\/revisions\/899"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.svetovydenchlebaapeciva.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=848"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}